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Fire Safety Advisor | Fire prevention information
smoke and fire detectors
Fire detectors work by sensing one or more products of fire. The three most common detectors are:
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Smoke detectors
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Heat detectors
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Flame detectors
1. Smoke Detectors
Smoke detectors work by detecting the visible or invisible smoke. The two main types of smoke detectors are ionization detectors and photoelectric detectors.
2. Heat Detectors
Heat detectors use a set of temperature-sensitive resistors called thermistors that decrease in resistance as the temperature rises. One thermistor is sealed and protected from the surrounding temperature while the other is exposed. A sharp increase in temperature reduces the resistance in the exposed thermistor, which allows a large current to activate the detector's alarm. Heat detectors are normally used in dirty environments or where dense smoke is produced. Heat detectors may be less sensitive, but are more appropriate than a smoke detector in these environments. The most common heat detectors either react to a broad temperature change or a predetermined fixed temperature.
3. Flame Detectors
Flame detectors are line-of-sight devices that look for specific types of light (infrared, visible, ultraviolet) emitted by flames during combustion. When the detector recognizes this light from a fire, it sends a signal to activate an alarm.
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